The peanut, or groundnut (Arachis hypogaea), is a species in the legume or "bean" family Fabaceae. The peanut was probably first cultivated in the valleys of Peru It is an annual herbaceous plant growing 30 to 50 cm (1.0 to 1.6 ft) tall.
Peanuts grow best in light, sandy loam soil. They require five months of warm weather, and an annual rainfall of 500 to 1,000 mm
China is the world's largest peanut producer followed by India & United States. Nigera and Indonesia are other large producers.
Peanuts are rich in nutrients, providing over 30 essential nutrients and phytonutrients. Peanuts are a good source of niacin folate fiber, magnesium, vitamin E manganese and phosphorus.